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<h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" >GPU Software Bill Of Materials (SBOM)</h1>
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<div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-parser-output"><p>This page will keep a running list of components used to achieve GPU Virtualization.</p><blockquote><p>An absence of critical technical documentation has historically slowed growth and adoption of developer ecosystems for GPU virtualization.
</p><p>This <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY-4.0</a> licensed content can either be used with attribution, or used as inspiration for new documentation, created by GPU vendors for public commercial distribution as developer documentation.
</p><p>
Where possible, this documentation will clearly label dates and versions of observed-but-not-guaranteed behaviour vs. vendor-documented stable interfaces/behaviour with guarantees of forward or backward compatibility.</p></blockquote>
<table class="wikitable">
<caption>Component Table
</caption>
<tbody><tr>
<th>Vendor
</th>
<th>Component
</th>
<th>Description
</th>
<th>Version
</th>
<th>OSS or Blob
</th>
<th>Filesize
</th>
<th>Vendor Docs
</th>
<th>Release Date
</th>
<th>Interfaces / APIs
</th>
<th>Notes
</th></tr>
<tr>
<td>Microsoft
</td>
<td>Indirect Display Driver (IDD)
</td>
<td>Driver
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/Microsoft/Windows-driver-samples/tree/main/video/IndirectDisplay">OSS</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/display/indirect-display-driver-model-overview">Indirect Display Driver Overview</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/wdf/overview-of-the-umdf">UMDF</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/kernel/">KMDF</a>
</td>
<td>The Indirect Display Driver (IDD) enables GPUs to render graphics at arbitrary resolutions without a physical display connected on Windows OS systems.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">RedHat
</td>
<td>vfio_pci
</td>
<td>Driver
</td>
<td>6.2-rc1
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/torvalds/linux/tree/master/drivers/vfio/pci">OSS</a>
</td>
<td>in-kernel
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://access.redhat.com/documentation/en-us/red_hat_enterprise_linux/5/html/virtualization/chap-virtualization-pci_passthrough">RedHat</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.kernel.org/driver-api/vfio.html">kernel.org</a>
</td>
<td>2022.12.15
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/Virtual_I/O_Internals.html#Instruction_Execution">irqfd</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/Virtual_I/O_Internals.html#Instruction_Execution">ioeventfd</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core.git/tree/Documentation/driver-api/ioctl.rst">IOCTL</a>
</td>
<td>Reference VFIO Stub driver used for discrete assignment of IO, and assignment of some SR-IOV-backed vGPU devices into virtual machines. This driver is commonly replaced with a vendor built VFIO interface with differing memory management and/or page pinning mechanisms which are specific to the vGPU software internals.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Mediated Core (mdev.ko)
</td>
<td>Driver
</td>
<td>6.2-rc1
</td>
<td>OSS
</td>
<td>0.044 MB
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.kernel.org/driver-api/vfio-mediated-device.html">kernel.org</a>
</td>
<td>2016.xx.xx
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/Virtual_I/O_Internals.html#Instruction_Execution">irqfd</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/Virtual_I/O_Internals.html#Instruction_Execution">ioeventfd</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core.git/tree/Documentation/driver-api/ioctl.rst">IOCTL</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/Virtual_I/O_Internals.html#Mediated_DMA_Translations">Type 1 IOMMU</a>
</td>
<td>The Mediated Core driver provides a common interface for mediated device management that can be used by drivers of different devices. It is an IOMMU/device-agnostic framework for exposing direct device access to user space in a secure, IOMMU-protected environment (based on VFIO).
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="2">
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td rowspan="2">Daemon
</td>
<td>0.1.0
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/Open-IOV/">OSS</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href=""></a>
</td>
<td>2023.02.08
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Features/VirtioSerial">Virtio-Serial</a>, CLI
</td>
<td>Handles IO to and from guests and the host using Virtio-Serial to handle multiple different guest modules.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>
</td>
<td>1.0
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/Open-IOV/">OSS</a>
</td>
<td>0.084 MB
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href=""></a>
</td>
<td>2023.01.06
</td>
<td>CLI, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core.git/tree/Documentation/driver-api/ioctl.rst">IOCTL</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals.html#RM_API">RMAPI</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/Virtual_I/O_Internals.html#Mediated_Core">Mediated Core</a>
</td>
<td>Configures the the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals.html#nvidia-vgpu-mgr">nvidia-vgpu-mgr</a> process.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="4">Intel
</td>
<td>i915 SR-IOV
</td>
<td>Driver
</td>
<td rowspan="3"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/intel/linux-intel-lts/tree/5.15/ADL-linux-ER">5.15</a>
</td>
<td>OSS
</td>
<td>in-kernel
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Intel's open source GPU driver for <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Firmware.html#GuC">GuC</a>-equipped graphics accelerators.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Firmware.html#GuC">GuC</a> μOS
</td>
<td rowspan="2">Firmware
</td>
<td rowspan="2">Blob
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>IOMMU Interrupts, Power Management Interrupts, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals.html#GTT_(Graphics_Translation_Table)">GTT</a>
</td>
<td>Handles scheduling, and power management.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>HuC
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals.html#GTT_(Graphics_Translation_Table)">GTT</a>
</td>
<td>Handles video encoding/decoding.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals.html#Display_Surface_Virtualization_2">Display Virtualization for Windows OS</a>
</td>
<td>Driver
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/intel/Display-Virtualization-for-Windows-OS/releases/">791</a>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/intel/Display-Virtualization-for-Windows-OS">OSS</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/intel/Display-Virtualization-for-Windows-OS/blob/main/Readme.txt">github.com/intel/Display-Virtualization-for-Windows-OS/blob/main/Readme.txt</a>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/ikwzm/udmabuf">udmabuf</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/wdf/overview-of-the-umdf">UMDF</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/windows-hardware/drivers/kernel/">KMDF</a>
</td>
<td>Intel's 'Display Virtualization for Windows OS' provides a virtual pixel surface used for hardware graphics rendering using Microsoft's open source 'Indirect Display Driver (IDD)'. Display virtualization for Windows OS makes use of display memory sharing primitives provided in-driver by the i915 host.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td rowspan="7">Nvidia
</td>
<td><a href="index.php/OpenRM.html" title="OpenRM">OpenRM</a>
</td>
<td>Driver
</td>
<td rowspan="2">525.85.12
</td>
<td>OSS
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/NVIDIA/open-gpu-kernel-modules/blob/main/README.md">github.com/NVIDIA/open-gpu-kernel-modules/blob/main/README.md</a>
</td>
<td>2023.01.31
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>Nvidia's open source GPU driver for <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Firmware.html#GSP">GSP</a>-equipped graphics accelerators.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Firmware.html#GSP">GSP</a> RM (uproc)
</td>
<td rowspan="2">Firmware
</td>
<td rowspan="2">Blob
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>2023.01.31
</td>
<td>RPC
</td>
<td>Embedded firmware based on <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://lwn.net/Articles/637658/">LibOS</a> containing the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals.html#RM_Core">RM Core</a>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>Falcon/NvRISC (uproc)
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>
</td>
<td>FBIF (Frame Buffer Interface) / GMMU
</td>
<td>Embedded firmware which handles many aspects of the device including configuring the GPU's GMMU controller.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>nvidia-vgpud
</td>
<td rowspan="2">Daemon
</td>
<td rowspan="4"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.nvidia.com/grid/15.0/whats-new-vgpu/index.html">v15.2</a>
</td>
<td rowspan="4">Blob
</td>
<td>0.108 MB
</td>
<td rowspan="4"><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://docs.nvidia.com/grid/index.html">docs.nvidia.com/grid</a>
</td>
<td>2023.01.xx
</td>
<td>CLI, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core.git/tree/Documentation/driver-api/ioctl.rst">IOCTL</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals.html#RM_API">RMAPI</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/Virtual_I/O_Internals.html#Mediated_Core">Mediated Core</a>
</td>
<td>Configures the the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals.html#nvidia-vgpu-mgr">nvidia-vgpu-mgr</a> process.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>nvidia-vgpu-mgr
</td>
<td>0.132 MB
</td>
<td>2023.01.xx
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals.html#vmiop">vmiop</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core.git/tree/Documentation/driver-api/ioctl.rst">IOCTL</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals.html#RM_API">RMAPI</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals.html#Guest_kernel_(nvidia.ko)">vRPC</a>, pRPC, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/Virtual_I/O_Internals.html#Mediated_Core">Mediated Core</a>
</td>
<td>Handles IO to and from guest RM, host RM, and hardware.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>libnvidia-vgpu.so
</td>
<td>Library
</td>
<td>3.1 MB
</td>
<td>2023.01.xx
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals.html#vmiop">vmiop</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals.html#RM_API">RMAPI</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/Virtual_I/O_Internals.html#Mediated_Core">Mediated Core</a>
</td>
<td>Handles IO to and from guest RM, host RM, and hardware. Contains circular dependancies with <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals.html#nvidia-vgpu-mgr">nvidia-vgpu-mgr</a>.
</td></tr>
<tr>
<td>nvidia-vgpu-vfio.ko
</td>
<td>Driver
</td>
<td>0.108 MB
</td>
<td>2023.01.xx
</td>
<td><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/Virtual_I/O_Internals.html#Mediated_DMA_Translations">Type 1 IOMMU</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/Virtual_I/O_Internals.html#Instruction_Execution">irqfd, ioeventfd</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/driver-core.git/tree/Documentation/driver-api/ioctl.rst">IOCTL</a>, <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="index.php/Virtual_I/O_Internals.html#Mediated_Core">Mediated Core</a>
</td>
<td>Handles incremental memory mapping (non-page pinning per the standard vfio-pci driver).
</td></tr></tbody></table>
<h2><span class="mw-headline" id="More_Information">More Information</span></h2>
<ol><li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://riscv.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/07/Tue1100_Nvidia_RISCV_Story_V2.pdf">Nvidia RISC-V Story</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href=""></a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://01.org/linuxgraphics/documentation/hardware-specification-prms">Intel Graphics Programmer's Reference Manuals (PRM)</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bwidawsk.net/blog/2013/1/i915-hardware-contexts-and-some-bits-about-batchbuffers/">i915: Hardware Contexts (and some bits about batchbuffers)</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bwidawsk.net/blog/2014/6/the-global-gtt-part-1/">i915: The Global GTT Part 1</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bwidawsk.net/blog/2014/6/aliasing-ppgtt-part-2/">i915: Aliasing PPGTT Part 2</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bwidawsk.net/blog/2014/7/true-ppgtt-part-3/">i915: True PPGTT Part 3</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://bwidawsk.net/blog/2014/7/future-ppgtt-part-4-dynamic-page-table-allocations-64-bit-address-space-gpu-mirroring-and-yeah-something-about-relocs-too/">i915: Future PPGTT Part 4 (Dynamic page table allocations, 64 bit address space, GPU "mirroring", and yeah, something about relocs too)</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://igor-blue.github.io/2021/02/10/graphics-part1.html">i915: Security of the Intel Graphics Stack - Part 1 - Introduction</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://igor-blue.github.io/2021/02/24/graphics-part2.html">i915: Security of the Intel Graphics Stack - Part 2 - FW <-> GuC</a></li>
<li><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://01.org/sites/default/files/documentation/an_introduction_to_intel_gvt-g_for_external.pdf">i915: An Introduction to Intel GVT-g (with new architecture)</a></li></ol>
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