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"""Memory inspection helpers: read/write, hexdump, search, snapshots, diffs."""
from __future__ import annotations
from dataclasses import dataclass
from .errors import GreenEyeError
@dataclass
class Diff:
addr: int
old: bytes
new: bytes
@property
def size(self) -> int:
return len(self.old)
class Memory:
"""A convenience facade over an RSP client (and optional symbol DB)."""
def __init__(self, client, symbols=None, recorder=None):
self.client = client
self.symbols = symbols
self.recorder = recorder
# -- basic access ------------------------------------------------------
def read(self, addr: int, size: int) -> bytes:
data = self.client.read_mem(addr, size)
if self.recorder is not None:
self.recorder.event("mem_read", addr=addr, size=size)
return data
def write(self, addr: int, data: bytes | int | str) -> None:
if isinstance(data, int):
data = bytes([data & 0xFF])
elif isinstance(data, str):
data = data.encode("utf-8")
self.client.write_mem(addr, data)
if self.recorder is not None:
self.recorder.event("mem_write", addr=addr, size=len(data), data=data.hex())
def read_u8(self, addr: int) -> int:
return self.read(addr, 1)[0]
def read_u16(self, addr: int) -> int:
return int.from_bytes(self.read(addr, 2), "little")
def read_u32(self, addr: int) -> int:
return int.from_bytes(self.read(addr, 4), "little")
def read_u64(self, addr: int) -> int:
return int.from_bytes(self.read(addr, 8), "little")
def write_u32(self, addr: int, value: int) -> None:
self.write(addr, value.to_bytes(4, "little"))
def write_u64(self, addr: int, value: int) -> None:
self.write(addr, value.to_bytes(8, "little"))
def read_cstring(self, addr: int, max_len: int = 256) -> str:
return self.read(addr, max_len).split(b"\x00", 1)[0].decode("utf-8", "replace")
def read_ptr(self, addr: int, width: int = 8) -> int:
return int.from_bytes(self.read(addr, width), "little")
# -- display -----------------------------------------------------------
def hexdump(self, addr: int, size: int, width: int = 16, annotate: bool = True) -> str:
data = self.read(addr, size)
lines: list[str] = []
if annotate and self.symbols is not None:
sym = self.symbols.resolve(addr)
if sym is not None:
lines.append(f"; {sym.label(addr)} (source={sym.source or '?'})")
for offset in range(0, len(data), width):
chunk = data[offset : offset + width]
hex_part = " ".join(f"{b:02x}" for b in chunk)
ascii_part = "".join(chr(b) if 32 <= b < 127 else "." for b in chunk)
lines.append(f"{addr + offset:08x} {hex_part:<{width * 3 - 1}} |{ascii_part}|")
return "\n".join(lines)
def hexdump_annotated(
self,
addr: int,
size: int,
struct_schema=None,
width: int = 16,
) -> str:
"""Hexdump plus a decoded structure overlay when a schema is given."""
lines = [self.hexdump(addr, size, width=width, annotate=True)]
if struct_schema is not None:
from .structs import decode, render
values = decode(struct_schema, self.read(addr, struct_schema.size), base=addr)
lines.append("")
lines.append(render(struct_schema, values))
return "\n".join(lines)
# -- search ------------------------------------------------------------
def search(
self,
addr: int,
size: int,
pattern: bytes | int,
*,
mask: bytes | None = None,
max_hits: int = 64,
chunk: int = 0x10000,
) -> list[int]:
if isinstance(pattern, int):
pattern = bytes([pattern & 0xFF])
if not pattern:
raise GreenEyeError("empty search pattern")
if mask is not None and len(mask) != len(pattern):
raise GreenEyeError("mask length must match pattern length")
hits: list[int] = []
offset = 0
overlap = len(pattern) - 1
carry = b""
while offset < size and len(hits) < max_hits:
want = min(chunk, size - offset)
blob = carry + self.read(addr + offset - len(carry), want + len(carry)) if carry else self.read(addr + offset, want)
base = addr + offset - len(carry)
for index in range(0, len(blob) - len(pattern) + 1):
candidate = blob[index : index + len(pattern)]
if mask is None:
if candidate == pattern:
hits.append(base + index)
else:
if all((candidate[i] & mask[i]) == (pattern[i] & mask[i]) for i in range(len(pattern))):
hits.append(base + index)
if len(hits) >= max_hits:
break
carry = blob[-overlap:] if overlap else b""
offset += want
return hits
def search_u32(self, addr: int, size: int, value: int, **kw) -> list[int]:
return self.search(addr, size, value.to_bytes(4, "little"), **kw)
def search_string(self, addr: int, size: int, text: str, **kw) -> list[int]:
return self.search(addr, size, text.encode("utf-8"), **kw)
# -- capture / diff ----------------------------------------------------
def snapshot(self, addr: int, size: int, name: str = "region") -> bytes:
data = self.client.read_mem(addr, size)
if self.recorder is not None:
path = self.recorder.snapshot(name, addr, data)
self.recorder.event("snapshot", label=name, addr=addr, size=size, path=path)
return data
@staticmethod
def diff(old: bytes, new: bytes, base: int = 0) -> list[Diff]:
length = min(len(old), len(new))
changed = [i for i in range(length) if old[i] != new[i]]
if not changed:
return []
# coalesce adjacent bytes into runs
runs: list[Diff] = []
start = changed[0]
prev = changed[0]
for index in changed[1:]:
if index == prev + 1:
prev = index
continue
runs.append(Diff(base + start, old[start : prev + 1], new[start : prev + 1]))
start = prev = index
runs.append(Diff(base + start, old[start : prev + 1], new[start : prev + 1]))
return runs
@staticmethod
def render_diff(diffs: list[Diff], symbols=None, max_lines: int = 64) -> str:
lines: list[str] = []
for diff in diffs[:max_lines]:
old = " ".join(f"{b:02x}" for b in diff.old[:8])
new = " ".join(f"{b:02x}" for b in diff.new[:8])
label = ""
if symbols is not None:
sym = symbols.resolve(diff.addr)
if sym is not None:
label = f" ; {sym.label(diff.addr)}"
lines.append(f"{diff.addr:08x} {old:<24} -> {new:<24}{label}")
if len(diffs) > max_lines:
lines.append(f"... {len(diffs) - max_lines} more changed runs")
return "\n".join(lines)
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