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| author | Open-IOV <dev@open-iov.org> | 2026-09-23 05:44:08 -0400 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | Open-IOV <dev@open-iov.org> | 2026-09-23 05:46:43 -0400 |
| commit | 68cdd7728a7cc6715bbbff7decfe2b11c3bdf558 (patch) | |
| tree | 3dc8ce2e6af313a97ec6852f5c663a9a93665d2e /wiki/open-iov.org/index.php/Mdev-GPU.html | |
| download | open-iov-68cdd7728a7cc6715bbbff7decfe2b11c3bdf558.tar.gz open-iov-68cdd7728a7cc6715bbbff7decfe2b11c3bdf558.zip | |
Open-IOV: initial public release
Open-IOV virtualizes NVIDIA GPUs so that unmodified guest drivers run with
real GPU functionality - CUDA first, 3D and video to follow - on unmodified
hosts, without a proprietary vGPU license and without patching any driver,
firmware or hypervisor.
Core principle: emulate the interface, pass through the work.
kernel/ open-iov-vfio.ko - host VFIO mdev driver: virtual GPU device
(PCI config space, BAR shadows, MSI-X), GSP boot emulation,
GSP-RM message-queue/RPC emulation, memory model (GPU-VA to
guest-PA discovery) and the semaphore-completion service that
advances guest UVM progress.
userspace/ libiov.so management API and examples.
tools/ guest diagnostics, firmware analysis wrappers, RM probes.
scripts/ stack manager, VM harness, build/load/test automation.
config/ hardware/version profiles (the portability surface).
docs/ documentation tree - start at docs/README.md.
wiki/ long-form firmware and protocol deep dives.
Status: initialization works end to end for a stock 570.144 Linux guest on
Turing (TU104): driver probe, nvidia-smi, the full GSP-RM control battery,
object creation and the early CUDA/UVM start-up path. GPU work forwarding -
the step that makes CUDA kernels execute on real hardware - is the active
work item; see docs/04-implementation/01-known-knowns-and-unknowns.md.
License: BSD-3-Clause for the project; GPL-2.0 for kernel modules that link
GPL-only kernel interfaces. See LICENSE and docs/09-reference/legal-and-licensing.md.
Diffstat (limited to 'wiki/open-iov.org/index.php/Mdev-GPU.html')
| -rw-r--r-- | wiki/open-iov.org/index.php/Mdev-GPU.html | 362 |
1 files changed, 362 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/wiki/open-iov.org/index.php/Mdev-GPU.html b/wiki/open-iov.org/index.php/Mdev-GPU.html new file mode 100644 index 0000000..de97b4e --- /dev/null +++ b/wiki/open-iov.org/index.php/Mdev-GPU.html @@ -0,0 +1,362 @@ +<!DOCTYPE html> +<html class="client-nojs" lang="en" dir="ltr"> +<head> +<meta charset="UTF-8"/> +<title>Mdev-GPU - Open-IOV</title> +<script>document.documentElement.className="client-js";RLCONF={"wgBreakFrames":!1,"wgSeparatorTransformTable":["",""],"wgDigitTransformTable":["",""],"wgDefaultDateFormat":"dmy","wgMonthNames":["","January","February","March","April","May","June","July","August","September","October","November","December"],"wgRequestId":"5ef7a992113490dfbfb2e42f","wgCSPNonce":!1,"wgCanonicalNamespace":"","wgCanonicalSpecialPageName":!1,"wgNamespaceNumber":0,"wgPageName":"Mdev-GPU","wgTitle":"Mdev-GPU","wgCurRevisionId":23740,"wgRevisionId":23740,"wgArticleId":85,"wgIsArticle":!0,"wgIsRedirect":!1,"wgAction":"view","wgUserName":null,"wgUserGroups":["*"],"wgCategories":[],"wgPageContentLanguage":"en","wgPageContentModel":"wikitext","wgRelevantPageName":"Mdev-GPU","wgRelevantArticleId":85,"wgIsProbablyEditable":!1,"wgRelevantPageIsProbablyEditable":!1,"wgRestrictionEdit":[],"wgRestrictionMove":[],"wgVisualEditor":{"pageLanguageCode":"en","pageLanguageDir":"ltr","pageVariantFallbacks":"en"}, +"wgEditSubmitButtonLabelPublish":!1};RLSTATE={"site.styles":"ready","noscript":"ready","user.styles":"ready","user":"ready","user.options":"loading","skins.vector.styles.legacy":"ready","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript":"ready"};RLPAGEMODULES=["site","mediawiki.page.ready","mediawiki.toc","skins.vector.legacy.js","ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.init","ext.visualEditor.targetLoader"];</script> +<script>(RLQ=window.RLQ||[]).push(function(){mw.loader.implement("user.options@1hzgi",function($,jQuery,require,module){/*@nomin*/mw.user.tokens.set({"patrolToken":"+\\","watchToken":"+\\","csrfToken":"+\\"}); +});});</script> +<link rel="stylesheet" href="../load.php%3Flang=en&modules=ext.visualEditor.desktopArticleTarget.noscript|skins.vector.styles.legacy&only=styles&skin=vector.css"/> +<script async="" src="../load.php%3Flang=en&modules=startup&only=scripts&raw=1&skin=vector"></script> +<meta name="generator" content="MediaWiki 1.37.1"/> +<meta name="format-detection" content="telephone=no"/> +<link rel="shortcut icon" href="../favicon.ico.html"/> +<link rel="search" type="application/opensearchdescription+xml" href="../opensearch_desc.php" title="Open-IOV (en)"/> +<link rel="EditURI" type="application/rsd+xml" href="../api.php%3Faction=rsd"/> +<link rel="alternate" type="application/atom+xml" title="Open-IOV Atom feed" href="../index.php%3Ftitle=Special:RecentChanges&feed=atom"/> +</head> +<body class="mediawiki ltr sitedir-ltr mw-hide-empty-elt ns-0 ns-subject page-Mdev-GPU rootpage-Mdev-GPU skin-vector action-view skin-vector-legacy"><div id="mw-page-base" class="noprint"></div> +<div id="mw-head-base" class="noprint"></div> +<div id="content" class="mw-body" role="main"> + <a id="top"></a> + <div id="siteNotice"></div> + <div class="mw-indicators"> + </div> + <h1 id="firstHeading" class="firstHeading" >Mdev-GPU</h1> + <div id="bodyContent" class="vector-body"> + <div id="siteSub" class="noprint">From Open-IOV</div> + <div id="contentSub"></div> + <div id="contentSub2"></div> + + <div id="jump-to-nav"></div> + <a class="mw-jump-link" href="Mdev-GPU.html#mw-head">Jump to navigation</a> + <a class="mw-jump-link" href="Mdev-GPU.html#searchInput">Jump to search</a> + <div id="mw-content-text" class="mw-body-content mw-content-ltr" lang="en" dir="ltr"><div class="mw-parser-output"><p>This page makes use of terms that are defined in the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://open-iov.org/index.php/Glossary"><i>Open-IOV Glossary</i></a>. If you're curious what a given term means you can check there for a definition. +</p><p><br /> +</p><p>This page will be used to document the <b>Mdev-GPU API</b> as well as provide an overview of the internals of the Mdev-GPU package. +</p><p>Mdev-GPU's source code can be found <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com//Mdev-GPU">here</a>. +</p><p> +Module docs can be found <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="">here</a>.</p><blockquote><p>An absence of critical technical documentation has historically slowed growth and adoption of developer ecosystems for GPU virtualization. +</p><p>This <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/">CC-BY-4.0</a> licensed content can either be used with attribution, or used as inspiration for new documentation, created by GPU vendors for public commercial distribution as developer documentation. +</p><p> +Where possible, this documentation will clearly label dates and versions of observed-but-not-guaranteed behaviour vs. vendor-documented stable interfaces/behaviour with guarantees of forward or backward compatibility.</p></blockquote> +<div id="toc" class="toc" role="navigation" aria-labelledby="mw-toc-heading"><input type="checkbox" role="button" id="toctogglecheckbox" class="toctogglecheckbox" style="display:none" /><div class="toctitle" lang="en" dir="ltr"><h2 id="mw-toc-heading">Contents</h2><span class="toctogglespan"><label class="toctogglelabel" for="toctogglecheckbox"></label></span></div> +<ul> +<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-1"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#Compilation"><span class="tocnumber">1</span> <span class="toctext">Compilation</span></a></li> +<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-2"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#Installation"><span class="tocnumber">2</span> <span class="toctext">Installation</span></a></li> +<li class="toclevel-1 tocsection-3"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#Mdev-GPU_Configuration"><span class="tocnumber">3</span> <span class="toctext">Mdev-GPU Configuration</span></a> +<ul> +<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-4"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#Systemd"><span class="tocnumber">3.1</span> <span class="toctext">Systemd</span></a> +<ul> +<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-5"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#mdev-post.service"><span class="tocnumber">3.1.1</span> <span class="toctext">mdev-post.service</span></a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="toclevel-2 tocsection-6"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#Mdev-CLI"><span class="tocnumber">3.2</span> <span class="toctext">Mdev-CLI</span></a> +<ul> +<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-7"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#num"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.1</span> <span class="toctext">num</span></a></li> +<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-8"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#vDevId"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.2</span> <span class="toctext">vDevId</span></a></li> +<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-9"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#pDevId"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.3</span> <span class="toctext">pDevId</span></a></li> +<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-10"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#name"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.4</span> <span class="toctext">name</span></a></li> +<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-11"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#gpuClass"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.5</span> <span class="toctext">gpuClass</span></a></li> +<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-12"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#maxInstances"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.6</span> <span class="toctext">maxInstances</span></a></li> +<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-13"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#virtDisplay"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.7</span> <span class="toctext">virtDisplay</span></a> +<ul> +<li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-14"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#numHeads"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.7.1</span> <span class="toctext">numHeads</span></a></li> +<li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-15"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#maxResX"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.7.2</span> <span class="toctext">maxResX</span></a></li> +<li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-16"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#maxResY"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.7.3</span> <span class="toctext">maxResY</span></a></li> +<li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-17"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#frlConfig"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.7.4</span> <span class="toctext">frlConfig</span></a></li> +<li class="toclevel-4 tocsection-18"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#frlEnable"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.7.5</span> <span class="toctext">frlEnable</span></a></li> +</ul> +</li> +<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-19"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#ecc"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.8</span> <span class="toctext">ecc</span></a></li> +<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-20"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#fbLen"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.9</span> <span class="toctext">fbLen</span></a></li> +<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-21"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#fbRes"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.10</span> <span class="toctext">fbRes</span></a></li> +<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-22"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#mapVideoSize"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.11</span> <span class="toctext">mapVideoSize</span></a></li> +<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-23"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#encCap"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.12</span> <span class="toctext">encCap</span></a></li> +<li class="toclevel-3 tocsection-24"><a href="Mdev-GPU.html#bar1Len"><span class="tocnumber">3.2.13</span> <span class="toctext">bar1Len</span></a></li> +</ul> +</li> +</ul> +</li> +</ul> +</div> + +<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Compilation">Compilation</span></h3> +<p>Compiling Mdev-GPU from source is very simple however it can take a long time to complete (10 minutes for existing sources). +</p><p>If you'd like to compile Mdev-GPU yourself you can do so by cloning <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com//Mdev-GPU">the repo</a> and running the following two commands from within the repository directory: +</p><p><code>curl -sSL https://get.haskellstack.org/ | sh</code> +</p><p><code>stack install</code> +</p><p>These commands will generate all binaries provided by Mdev-GPU under the path <code>~/.local/bin/</code>. +</p><p>If you would prefer not to wait for the program to compile you can find pre-compiled x86_64 binaries under the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com//Mdev-GPU/releases/tag/0.1.0.0">Releases section of the repository on GitHub</a>. +</p> +<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Installation">Installation</span></h3> +<p>The binaries compiled on your local machine by Stack in the <code>~/.local/bin/</code> path or downloaded from <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com//Mdev-GPU/releases">Releases on GitHub</a> should be copied to <code>/usr/bin/</code>. This can be accomplished both via install script (currently testing in ) or via management layer-agnostic package. +</p> +<h3><span class="mw-headline" id="Mdev-GPU_Configuration">Mdev-GPU Configuration</span></h3> +<p>The Mdev-GPU repository provides Systemd service and example configurations for Mdev-CLI in the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com//Mdev-GPU/tree/master/etc">/etc/ folder</a>. On installation the directories & files contained in the repository's /etc/ folder should be copied to the absolute path <code>/etc/</code> on the user's computer. +</p> +<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Systemd">Systemd</span></h4> +<p>GVM/Mdev-GPU exposes several of it's functions as Systemd services. +</p><p>As of the 0.1.0.0 release the following Systemd services are available: +</p> +<ul><li><b>mdev-post.service</b></li></ul> +<h5><span class="mw-headline" id="mdev-post.service">mdev-post.service</span></h5> +<p>As the name would suggest <b><a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com//Mdev-GPU/blob/master/etc/systemd/system/mdev-post.service">mdev-post.service</a></b> posts the GPU(s) in a state where they are ready to be virtualized. When the service is invoked the mdev-cli util registers Mdev callbacks and supported mediated device (Mdev) types with the Mediated Core according to the user's specified configuration at <b><code>/etc/gvm/mdev-gpu/generate-vgpu-types.yaml</code></b>. If you'd like to place your configuration file elsewhere and still have your configuration invoked on boot you can edit the systemd service <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com//Mdev-GPU/blob/9993fd0781ddddfcca2cb9bee6455ea2c024cc23/etc/systemd/system/mdev-post.service#L10">ExecStart= line</a> to specify an alternative path. +</p> +<h4><span class="mw-headline" id="Mdev-CLI">Mdev-CLI</span></h4> +<p>Configuration for Mdev-GPU can be found in the path <b><code>/etc/gvm/mdev-gpu/</code></b>. This path will by default contain several vendor-specific folders which may include configuration examples for various devices/architectures as well as the file <code><b>generate-vgpu-types.yaml</b></code> which you can configure to specify your desired Virtual GPU (vGPU) / VFIO-Mdev topologies as they are presented in the sysfsdev mdev_bus path and as seen by tools such as <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://github.com/mdevctl/mdevctl">mdevctl</a>. Once you have configured the available types your liking you can refresh the supported types registered with the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://open-iov.org/index.php/Virtual_IO_Internals#Mediated_Core">Mediated Core</a> by rebooting your machine or reloading the vendor driver kernel module then restarting <b>mdev-post.service</b> or by invoking <b>mdev-cli</b>. +</p><p><br /> +The available yaml properties which may be specified in <b><code>/etc/gvm/mdev-gpu/generate-vgpu-types.yaml</code></b> are shown below. Note that fields with the <sup>[required]</sup> tag must be specified in the yaml file whereas fields with the <sup>[optional]</sup> tag may be omitted from configuration if you would prefer to rely upon default parameters instead. +</p> +<h5><span class="mw-headline" id="num">num</span></h5> +<p><sup>[required]</sup> +</p><p>num refers to the Mediated Device (Mdev) type number. This value specifies the profile's numerical identifier in the sysfsdev mdev_bus path. +</p> +<h5><span class="mw-headline" id="vDevId">vDevId</span></h5> +<p><sup>[optional]</sup> +</p><p>The vGPU (Virtual GPU) PCI Device ID which should be presented to the guest. +</p> +<h5><span class="mw-headline" id="pDevId">pDevId</span></h5> +<p><sup>[optional]</sup> +</p><p>The pGPU (Physical GPU) PCI Device ID which should be presented to the host. +</p> +<h5><span class="mw-headline" id="name">name</span></h5> +<p><sup>[optional]</sup> +</p><p>The GPU name presented to the guest. +</p> +<h5><span class="mw-headline" id="gpuClass">gpuClass</span></h5> +<p><sup>[optional]</sup> +</p><p>The class of GPU to use. +</p><p>available strings: +</p><p>"Compute" +</p><p>"Graphics" +</p> +<h5><span class="mw-headline" id="maxInstances">maxInstances</span></h5> +<p><sup>[required]</sup> +</p><p>maxInstances refers to the maximum number of instances available of any given Mediated Device (Mdev) profile. This number can be configured arbitrarily however it should ideally not be set to a value which allows for fbLen/fbRes values that allow a number of Mdev devices to be created which would exceed your device's available VRAM. +</p> +<h5><span class="mw-headline" id="virtDisplay">virtDisplay</span></h5> +<p><sup>[optional]</sup> +</p><p>virtDisplay controls the topologies of virtual displays. virtDisplay exposes the following user configurable properties: +</p> +<h6><span class="mw-headline" id="numHeads">numHeads</span></h6> +<p><sup>[optional]</sup> +</p><p>Number of heads [virtual monitors] available for each Mediated Device (Mdev). +</p> +<h6><span class="mw-headline" id="maxResX">maxResX</span></h6> +<p><sup>[optional]</sup> +</p><p>Maximum width of the mediated display. +</p> +<h6><span class="mw-headline" id="maxResY">maxResY</span></h6> +<p><sup>[optional]</sup> +</p><p>Maximum height of the mediated display. +</p> +<h6><span class="mw-headline" id="frlConfig">frlConfig</span></h6> +<p><sup>[optional]</sup> +</p><p>Frame rate limiter for the mediated display. +</p> +<h6><span class="mw-headline" id="frlEnable">frlEnable</span></h6> +<p><sup>[optional]</sup> +</p><p>Do we enable frame rate limiting or not? +</p> +<h5><span class="mw-headline" id="ecc">ecc</span></h5> +<p><sup>[optional]</sup> +</p><p>ecc refers to if error correcting memory should be used. +</p> +<h5><span class="mw-headline" id="fbLen">fbLen</span></h5> +<p><sup>[required]</sup> +</p><p>fbLen is the framebuffer length (in megabytes). +</p> +<h5><span class="mw-headline" id="fbRes">fbRes</span></h5> +<p><sup>[required]</sup> +</p><p>fbRes is the framebuffer reserved by the hypervisor (in megabytes). In most circumstances this value should scale to around 1/7th the size of your chosen fbLen value. +</p> +<h5><span class="mw-headline" id="mapVideoSize">mapVideoSize</span></h5> +<p><sup>[optional]</sup> +</p><p>Mappable video size in MBs, 24 by default. +</p> +<h5><span class="mw-headline" id="encCap">encCap</span></h5> +<p><sup>[optional]</sup> +</p><p>Percentage we use the NvEnc hardware. +</p> +<h5><span class="mw-headline" id="bar1Len">bar1Len</span></h5> +<p><sup>[optional]</sup> +</p><p>bar1Len refers to the size of the Base Address Registers for BAR1 (MSI) as presented by the <a rel="nofollow" class="external text" href="https://open-iov.org/index.php/Virtual_I/O_Internals#VFIO_device_file_descriptor">VFIO File Descriptor</a>. +</p> +<!-- +NewPP limit report +Cached time: 20260911171856 +Cache expiry: 86400 +Reduced expiry: false +Complications: [] +CPU time usage: 0.023 seconds +Real time usage: 0.028 seconds +Preprocessor visited node count: 77/1000000 +Post‐expand include size: 0/2097152 bytes +Template argument size: 0/2097152 bytes +Highest expansion depth: 2/40 +Expensive parser function count: 0/100 +Unstrip recursion depth: 0/20 +Unstrip post‐expand size: 29/5000000 bytes +--> +<!-- +Transclusion expansion time report (%,ms,calls,template) +100.00% 0.000 1 -total +--> + +<!-- Saved in parser cache with key my_wiki:pcache:idhash:85-0!canonical and timestamp 20260911171856 and revision id 23740. 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