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authorOpen-IOV <dev@open-iov.org>2026-09-23 05:44:08 -0400
committerOpen-IOV <dev@open-iov.org>2026-09-23 05:46:43 -0400
commit2302fc09080bad51c73f293294e19fd4db464eb0 (patch)
treec722d186347fdef5a34131e9e143b1549b1daf8e /wiki/open-iov.org/index.php?title=GPU_Support&action=edit.html
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Open-IOV: initial public release
Open-IOV virtualizes NVIDIA GPUs so that unmodified guest drivers run with real GPU functionality - CUDA first, 3D and video to follow - on unmodified hosts, without a proprietary vGPU license and without patching any driver, firmware or hypervisor. Core principle: emulate the interface, pass through the work. kernel/ open-iov-vfio.ko - host VFIO mdev driver: virtual GPU device (PCI config space, BAR shadows, MSI-X), GSP boot emulation, GSP-RM message-queue/RPC emulation, memory model (GPU-VA to guest-PA discovery) and the semaphore-completion service that advances guest UVM progress. userspace/ libiov.so management API and examples. tools/ guest diagnostics, firmware analysis wrappers, RM probes. scripts/ stack manager, VM harness, build/load/test automation. config/ hardware/version profiles (the portability surface). docs/ documentation tree - start at docs/README.md. wiki/ long-form firmware and protocol deep dives. Status: initialization works end to end for a stock 570.144 Linux guest on Turing (TU104): driver probe, nvidia-smi, the full GSP-RM control battery, object creation and the early CUDA/UVM start-up path. GPU work forwarding - the step that makes CUDA kernels execute on real hardware - is the active work item; see docs/04-implementation/01-known-knowns-and-unknowns.md. License: BSD-3-Clause for the project; GPL-2.0 for kernel modules that link GPL-only kernel interfaces. See LICENSE and docs/09-reference/legal-and-licensing.md.
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+</p><textarea readonly="" accesskey="," id="wpTextbox1" cols="80" rows="25" style="" class="mw-editfont-monospace" lang="en" dir="ltr" name="wpTextbox1">== Abstract ==
+The following document will detail GPU Support for SR-IOV, SIOV, and VFIO-Mdev functionality.&lt;blockquote>An absence of critical technical documentation has historically slowed growth and adoption of developer ecosystems for GPU virtualization.
+
+This [https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ CC-BY-4.0] licensed content can either be used with attribution, or used as inspiration for new documentation, created by GPU vendors for public commercial distribution as developer documentation.
+
+Where possible, this documentation will clearly label dates and versions of observed-but-not-guaranteed behaviour vs. vendor-documented stable interfaces/behaviour with guarantees of forward or backward compatibility.&lt;/blockquote>
+
+== Overview ==
+{| class="wikitable"
+|+Feature Matrix
+! colspan="3" |Hardware
+! colspan="4" |Drivers
+! colspan="3" |[https://open-iov.org/index.php/Virtual_IO_Internals Virtual I/O Assistance Modes]
+! colspan="2" |Userspace
+|-
+!Vendor
+!Architecture
+!Model
+![https://www.fsf.org/about/what-is-free-software Libre] Drivers
+!Blob Drivers
+![https://open-iov.org/index.php/Merged_Drivers 'Merged' Host+Guest Acceleration]
+!Manufacturer Support
+![https://open-iov.org/index.php/Virtual_IO_Internals#Mdev_Mode Mdev Support]
+![https://open-iov.org/index.php/Virtual_IO_Internals#SR-IOV_Mode SR-IOV Support]
+![https://open-iov.org/index.php/Virtual_IO_Internals#SIOV_Mode SIOV Support]
+![ mdev management CLI Support]
+![ Support]
+|-
+|Intel
+|6th Generation (Skylake)
+|*HD
+|[https://open-iov.org/index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals#i915 i915]
+|
+|Yes
+|Yes ([https://community.intel.com/t5/Graphics/Graphics-Driver-Support-Update-for-10th-Generation-and-Older/m-p/1403969/thread-id/108899 Legacy])
+|Yes
+|No
+|No
+|No
+|Yes
+|-
+|Intel
+|7th Generation (Kaby Lake)
+|*HD
+|[https://open-iov.org/index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals#i915 i915]
+|
+|Yes
+|Yes ([https://community.intel.com/t5/Graphics/Graphics-Driver-Support-Update-for-10th-Generation-and-Older/m-p/1403969/thread-id/108899 Legacy])
+|Yes
+|No
+|No
+|No
+|Yes
+|-
+|Intel
+|8th Generation (Coffee Lake)
+|*HD
+|[https://open-iov.org/index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals#i915 i915]
+|
+|Yes
+|Yes ([https://community.intel.com/t5/Graphics/Graphics-Driver-Support-Update-for-10th-Generation-and-Older/m-p/1403969/thread-id/108899 Legacy])
+|Yes
+|No
+|No
+|No
+|Yes
+|-
+|Intel
+|9th Generation (Cannon Lake)
+|*HD
+|[https://open-iov.org/index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals#i915 i915]
+|
+|Yes
+|Yes ([https://community.intel.com/t5/Graphics/Graphics-Driver-Support-Update-for-10th-Generation-and-Older/m-p/1403969/thread-id/108899 Legacy])
+|Yes
+|No
+|No
+|No
+|Yes
+|-
+|Intel
+|10th Generation (Ice Lake)
+|
+|[https://open-iov.org/index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals#i915 i915]
+|
+|No
+|Yes ([https://community.intel.com/t5/Graphics/Graphics-Driver-Support-Update-for-10th-Generation-and-Older/m-p/1403969/thread-id/108899 Legacy])
+|No
+|No
+|No
+|No
+|No
+|-
+|Intel
+|11th Generation (Tiger Lake)
+|Xe*
+|[https://open-iov.org/index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals#i915 i915]
+|
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|
+|[https://archive.ph/0McAE#selection-4883.0-4943.35 Yes]
+|
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|-
+|Intel
+|12th Generation (Alder Lake)
+|Xe*
+|[https://open-iov.org/index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals#i915 i915]
+|
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|
+|[https://archive.ph/0McAE#selection-4883.0-4943.35 Yes]
+|In Development
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|-
+|Nvidia
+|Maxell
+|*(see exceptions below)
+|[https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/ Nouveau], [https://open-iov.org/index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals#OpenRM OpenRM]
+|RM
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|No
+|No
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|-
+|Nvidia
+|Pascal
+|*
+|[https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/ Nouveau], [https://open-iov.org/index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals#OpenRM OpenRM]
+|RM
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|No
+|No
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|-
+|Nvidia
+|Turing
+|*
+|[https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/ Nouveau], [https://open-iov.org/index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals#OpenRM OpenRM]
+|RM
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|No
+|No
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|-
+|Nvidia
+|Ampere
+|A*
+|[https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/ Nouveau] ([https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/FeatureMatrix.html Development]), [https://open-iov.org/index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals#OpenRM OpenRM]
+|RM
+|No ([https://developer.nvidia.com/displaymodeselector DisplayModeSelector])
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|In Development
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|-
+|Nvidia
+|Ampere
+|RTX 30**
+|[https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/ Nouveau] ([https://nouveau.freedesktop.org/FeatureMatrix.html Development]), [https://open-iov.org/index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals#OpenRM OpenRM]
+|RM
+|In Development
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|No
+|In Development
+|In Development
+|In Development
+|-
+|Nvidia
+|Ada Lovelace
+|*
+|[https://open-iov.org/index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals#OpenRM OpenRM]
+|
+|
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|In Development
+|In Development
+|In Development
+|-
+|Nvidia
+|Hopper
+|*
+|[https://open-iov.org/index.php/GPU_Driver_Internals#OpenRM OpenRM]
+|
+|
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|Yes
+|In Development
+|
+|
+|-
+|AMD
+|Tonga
+|W7100
+|AMDGPU, [https://github.com/GPUOpen-LibrariesAndSDKs/MxGPU-Virtualization MxGPU / GIM / GPU-IOV Module (Deprecated)]
+|AMDGPU-Pro
+|No
+|[[wikipedia:End-of-life_product|EOL]] (2017)
+|No
+|Yes
+([https://forum.level1techs.com/t/how-to-sr-iov-mod-the-w7100-gpu/164186 patched])
+|No
+|No
+|Yes
+|-
+|AMD
+|Tonga
+|S71**
+|AMDGPU, [https://github.com/GPUOpen-LibrariesAndSDKs/MxGPU-Virtualization MxGPU / GIM / GPU-IOV Module (Deprecated)]
+|AMDGPU-Pro
+|No
+|[[wikipedia:End-of-life_product|EOL]] (2017)
+|No
+|Yes
+|No
+|No
+|Yes
+|-
+|AMD
+|Vega
+|*
+|AMDGPU
+|AMDGPU-Pro
+|No
+|[https://open-iov.org/index.php/GPU_Support#Drivers_3 Partial]
+|Unknown
+|Yes
+|No
+|No
+|No
+|-
+|AMD
+|Navi
+|*
+|AMDGPU
+|AMDGPU-Pro
+|No
+|[https://open-iov.org/index.php/GPU_Support#Drivers_3 Partial]
+|Unknown
+|Yes
+|No
+|No
+|No
+|}
+
+== Intel ==
+This section will cover Mdev support on Intel GPUs.
+
+==== Hardware ====
+GPUs supporting GVT-g (software based mediation)[https://www.intel.com/content/www/us/en/support/articles/000058558/graphics.html]:
+
+* Intel HD Graphics 5500
+* Intel HD Graphics 6000
+* Intel HD Graphics 510
+* Intel HD Graphics 520
+* Intel HD Graphics 530
+* Intel HD Graphics 620
+* Intel HD Graphics 630
+* Intel UHD Graphics 620
+* Intel UHD Graphics 630
+
+GPUs supporting SR-IOV (hardware based mediation):
+
+* Intel Iris Xe Graphics [https://archive.ph/0McAE#selection-4883.0-4943.35][https://old.reddit.com/r/VFIO/comments/o7l2zr/sriov_on_intel_xe_graphics/]
+* Intel Iris Xe MAX Graphics
+
+==== Drivers ====
+Drivers with GVT-g support (6th - 9th gen):
+
+* '''[https://github.com/torvalds/linux/tree/master/drivers/gpu/drm/i915 i915 mainline]'''
+Drivers with SR-IOV support (11th gen+):
+* '''[https://github.com/intel/linux-intel-lts/commit/41ef979f0894326c202473807a56b599a2f3d04e i915 upstreaming]'''
+
+== Nvidia ==
+This section will cover Mdev support on Nvidia GPUs.
+
+==== Hardware ====
+
+*All(?) Volta based GPUs (V-series)
+*All(?) Turing based GPUs (20-series)
+* All(?) Pascal based GPUs (10-series)
+* Most Maxwell based GPUs (9-series) with the following notable exceptions:
+** GTX 970 (mixed FB regions)
+** Quadro M2000 (mixed FB regions)
+** Tesla M40 [https://github.com/DualCoder/vgpu_unlock/issues/62]
+
+* NVIDIA A100 HGX 80GB
+* NVIDIA A100 PCIe 80GB (SR-IOV: 20VF [https://www.nvidia.com/content/dam/en-zz/Solutions/Data-Center/a100/pdf/PB-10577-001_v02.pdf])
+* NVIDIA A100X
+* NVIDIA A100 HGX 40GB
+* NVIDIA A100 PCIe 40GB (SR-IOV: 16VF [https://www.nvidia.com/content/dam/en-zz/Solutions/Data-Center/a100/pdf/A100-PCIE-Prduct-Brief.pdf])
+* NVIDIA A40 (SR-IOV: 32VF [https://www.nvidia.com/content/dam/en-zz/Solutions/Data-Center/a40/NVIDIA%20A40%20Product%20Brief.pdf])
+* NVIDIA A30 (SR-IOV: 8VF [https://www.nvidia.com/content/dam/en-zz/Solutions/data-center/products/a30-gpu/pdf/a30-product-brief.pdf])
+* NVIDIA A30X
+* NVIDIA A16 (SR-IOV: 16VF [https://images.nvidia.com/content/Solutions/data-center/vgpu-a16-product-brief.pdf])
+* NVIDIA A10 (SR-IOV: 32VF [https://www.nvidia.com/content/dam/en-zz/Solutions/Data-Center/a10/pdf/A10-Product-Brief.pdf])
+* NVIDIA A2 (SR-IOV: 16VF [https://www.nvidia.com/content/dam/en-zz/solutions/data-center/a2/pdf/a2-product-brief.pdf])
+* NVIDIA RTX A6000
+* NVIDIA RTX A5000
+* Quadro RTX 8000 (SR-IOV: 24 VF [https://www.nvidia.com/content/dam/en-zz/Solutions/design-visualization/quadro-product-literature/NVIDIA-Quadro-RTX-8000-PCIe-Server-Card-PB-FINAL-1219.pdf])
+* Quadro RTX 8000 passive
+* Quadro RTX 6000 (SR-IOV: 24 VF [https://www.nvidia.com/content/dam/en-zz/Solutions/design-visualization/quadro-product-literature/NVIDIA-Quadro-RTX-6000-PCIe-Server-Card-PB-FINAL-1219.pdf])
+* Quadro RTX 6000 passive
+* Tesla V100
+* Tesla T4 (SR-IOV: 16VF [https://www.nvidia.com/content/dam/en-zz/Solutions/Data-Center/tesla-t4/t4-tensor-core-product-brief.pdf])
+* Tesla P100
+* Tesla P40
+* Tesla P6
+* Tesla P4
+* Tesla M60
+* Tesla M10
+* Tesla M6
+* GRID K2 (Citrix XenServer and VMware ESXi only)
+* GRID K1 (Citrix XenServer and VMware ESXi only)
+
+==== Drivers ====
+The most widely used method of enabling Mdev functionality on Nvidia GPUs is via the use of Nvidia's proprietary driver package.
+
+Nvidia's proprietary Mdev driver supports both SR-IOV as well as software based mediation. The appropriate mode is chosen between the two methods based on hardware architecture.
+
+== AMD ==
+This section will cover Mdev support on AMD GPUs.
+
+==== Hardware ====
+Supported GPUs:
+
+* AMD FirePro S7150
+* AMD Radeon Pro V520 [https://www.amd.com/en/graphics/workstation-virtual-graphics]
+*AMD FirePro W7100 [https://forum.level1techs.com/t/how-to-sr-iov-mod-the-w7100-gpu/164186 &lt;nowiki>[15]&lt;/nowiki>]
+
+==== Drivers ====
+The open source [https://github.com/GPUOpen-LibrariesAndSDKs/MxGPU-Virtualization GIM driver] supports AMD Tonga architecture GPUs such as the FirePro S7150 &amp; W7100.
+
+To make use of the MxGPU GIM driver on modern kernel versions you will require [https://github.com/GPUOpen-LibrariesAndSDKs/MxGPU-Virtualization/pull/24 pull request 24].
+
+Virtualization driver support beyond AMD's Tonga architecture is unclear.
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