1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
157
158
159
160
161
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
173
174
175
176
177
178
179
180
181
182
183
184
185
186
187
188
189
190
191
192
193
194
195
196
197
198
199
200
201
202
203
204
205
206
207
208
209
210
211
212
213
214
215
216
217
218
219
220
221
222
223
224
225
226
227
228
229
230
231
232
233
234
235
236
237
238
239
240
241
242
243
244
245
246
247
248
249
250
251
252
|
#!/usr/bin/env python3
"""
Comprehensive GSP firmware analysis using call targets and pattern matching.
"""
import struct
import json
import sys
FWIMAGE_PATH = "$OPEN_IOV_ROOT/firmware/570-GSP/gsp-570.144.fwimage.bin"
CALL_TARGETS_FILE = "$OPEN_IOV_ROOT/firmware/570-GSP/all_call_targets.txt"
OUTPUT_DIR = "$OPEN_IOV_ROOT/firmware/570-GSP"
BASE_ADDR = 0x04000000
EXEC_SECTIONS = [
(0x04005000, 0x04006413),
(0x04007000, 0x04008413),
(0x04009000, 0x04009073),
(0x0400a000, 0x0400cfff),
(0x0400e000, 0x04010fff),
(0x04018000, 0x0401cfff),
(0x04c58000, 0x05b21fff),
]
RPC_TYPES = {
0x01: "ALLOC", 0x02: "FREE", 0x03: "MAP", 0x04: "UNMAP",
0x05: "PIN", 0x06: "UNPIN", 0x07: "SCHEDULE", 0x08: "YIELD",
0x09: "NOTIFY", 0x0A: "BAR_TRAP", 0x0B: "MIGRATE", 0xFF: "DEBUG",
}
def read_binary(path):
with open(path, 'rb') as f:
return f.read()
def is_in_exec(va):
for start, end in EXEC_SECTIONS:
if start <= va <= end:
return True
return False
def load_call_targets(path):
targets = {}
with open(path, 'r') as f:
for line in f:
line = line.strip()
if not line or line.startswith('#'):
continue
parts = line.split()
if len(parts) >= 1:
addr = int(parts[0], 16)
count = int(parts[1]) if len(parts) > 1 else 0
targets[addr] = count
return targets
def decode_instruction(data, offset):
if offset + 4 > len(data):
return None, 0
first16 = struct.unpack('<H', data[offset:offset+2])[0]
if (first16 & 0x3) != 0x3:
return decode_compressed(first16, offset), 2
if offset + 4 <= len(data):
inst = struct.unpack('<I', data[offset:offset+4])[0]
return decode_32bit(inst, offset), 4
return None, 0
def decode_compressed(inst, offset):
if (inst & 0xF003) == 0x8002:
rd = (inst >> 7) & 0x7; rs2 = (inst >> 10) & 0x7
return {'mnemonic': 'c.mv', 'rd': rd + 8, 'rs2': rs2 + 8, 'size': 2}
if (inst & 0xE003) == 0x6001:
rd = (inst >> 7) & 0x7
imm = ((inst >> 2) & 0x3F) | ((inst >> 12) & 0x1) << 6
if imm & 0x40: imm -= 0x80
return {'mnemonic': 'c.addi', 'rd': rd + 8, 'imm': imm, 'size': 2}
if (inst & 0xF07F) == 0x8067:
rs1 = (inst >> 7) & 0x1F
return {'mnemonic': 'c.jalr', 'rs1': rs1, 'size': 2}
return {'mnemonic': 'unknown', 'raw': inst, 'size': 2}
def decode_32bit(inst, offset):
opcode = inst & 0x7F
funct3 = (inst >> 12) & 0x7
rd = (inst >> 7) & 0x1F
rs1 = (inst >> 15) & 0x1F
rs2 = (inst >> 20) & 0x1F
if opcode == 0x13 and funct3 == 0:
imm = (inst >> 20) & 0xFFF
if imm >= 0x800: imm -= 0x1000
return {'mnemonic': 'addi', 'rd': rd, 'rs1': rs1, 'imm': imm, 'size': 4}
if opcode == 0x23 and funct3 == 3:
offset_val = ((inst >> 7) & 0x1F) | ((inst >> 25) & 0x7F) << 5
return {'mnemonic': 'sd', 'rs1': rs1, 'rs2': rs2, 'offset': offset_val, 'size': 4}
if opcode == 0x03 and funct3 == 3:
offset_val = (inst >> 20) & 0xFFF
if offset_val >= 0x800: offset_val -= 0x1000
return {'mnemonic': 'ld', 'rd': rd, 'rs1': rs1, 'offset': offset_val, 'size': 4}
if opcode == 0x6F:
imm = ((inst >> 31) & 0x1) << 20 | ((inst >> 12) & 0xFF) << 12 | ((inst >> 20) & 0x1) << 11 | ((inst >> 21) & 0x3FF) << 1
if imm & 0x100000: imm -= 0x200000
return {'mnemonic': 'jal', 'rd': rd, 'imm': imm, 'size': 4}
if opcode == 0x67 and funct3 == 0:
imm = (inst >> 20) & 0xFFF
if imm >= 0x800: imm -= 0x1000
return {'mnemonic': 'jalr', 'rd': rd, 'rs1': rs1, 'imm': imm, 'size': 4}
if opcode == 0x63:
imm = ((inst >> 31) & 0x1) << 12 | ((inst >> 7) & 0x1) << 11 | ((inst >> 25) & 0x3F) << 5 | ((inst >> 8) & 0xF) << 1
if imm & 0x1000: imm -= 0x2000
return {'mnemonic': 'branch', 'funct3': funct3, 'rs1': rs1, 'rs2': rs2, 'imm': imm, 'size': 4}
if opcode == 0x17:
imm = (inst >> 12) & 0xFFFFF
return {'mnemonic': 'auipc', 'rd': rd, 'imm': imm, 'size': 4}
if opcode == 0x37:
imm = (inst >> 12) & 0xFFFFF
return {'mnemonic': 'lui', 'rd': rd, 'imm': imm, 'size': 4}
return {'mnemonic': 'unknown', 'raw': inst, 'size': 4}
def scan_function(data, start_offset, max_bytes=2000, call_count=0):
va = BASE_ADDR + start_offset
results = {
'address': va,
'address_str': f"0x{va:08x}",
'call_count': call_count,
'stack_size': None,
'saves_ra': False,
'ra_save_reg': None,
'ra_restore_reg': None,
'saves_s_regs': [],
'calls': [],
'rpc_type_refs': [],
'has_ret': False,
'ret_offsets': [],
}
i = 0
in_prologue = True
while i < max_bytes:
offset = start_offset + i
if offset >= len(data): break
inst_info, size = decode_instruction(data, offset)
if inst_info is None:
i += 2; continue
mnemonic = inst_info.get('mnemonic')
if in_prologue and mnemonic == 'addi' and inst_info['rd'] == 2 and inst_info['rs1'] == 2 and inst_info['imm'] < -16:
results['stack_size'] = -inst_info['imm']
in_prologue = False
if mnemonic == 'sd' and inst_info['rs1'] == 2 and 9 <= inst_info['rs2'] <= 18:
results['saves_s_regs'].append(inst_info['rs2'])
if mnemonic == 'addi' and inst_info['rs1'] == 1 and inst_info['imm'] == 0 and 9 <= inst_info['rd'] <= 18:
if results['ra_save_reg'] is None:
results['ra_save_reg'] = inst_info['rd']; results['saves_ra'] = True
if mnemonic == 'c.mv' and inst_info['rs2'] == 1 and 8 <= inst_info['rd'] <= 15:
if results['ra_save_reg'] is None:
results['ra_save_reg'] = inst_info['rd']; results['saves_ra'] = True
if mnemonic == 'addi' and inst_info['rd'] == 1 and inst_info['imm'] == 0 and 9 <= inst_info['rs1'] <= 18:
results['ra_restore_reg'] = inst_info['rs1']
if mnemonic == 'c.mv' and inst_info['rd'] == 1 and 8 <= inst_info['rs2'] <= 15:
results['ra_restore_reg'] = inst_info['rs2']
if mnemonic in ('jal', 'jalr'):
if mnemonic == 'jal':
results['calls'].append(va + i + inst_info['imm'])
if mnemonic in ('addi', 'andi', 'ori') and 'imm' in inst_info:
imm = inst_info['imm']
if imm in RPC_TYPES:
results['rpc_type_refs'].append((i, imm, RPC_TYPES[imm]))
if mnemonic in ('jalr', 'c.jalr') and inst_info.get('rd', 1) == 0 and inst_info.get('imm', 0) == 0 and inst_info.get('rs1', 1) == 1:
results['has_ret'] = True; results['ret_offsets'].append(i)
i += size
return results
def scan_for_strings_in_range(data, start_offset, max_len=500):
strings = []
i = start_offset; end = min(start_offset + max_len, len(data))
while i < end:
if 32 <= data[i] <= 126:
start = i
while i < end and 32 <= data[i] <= 126: i += 1
if i - start >= 4:
s = data[start:i].decode('ascii', errors='ignore')
strings.append((BASE_ADDR + start, s))
else: i += 1
return strings
def convert_func(f):
return {
'address': f['address_str'],
'call_count': f.get('call_count', 0),
'stack_size': f['stack_size'],
'saves_ra': f['saves_ra'],
'ra_save_reg': f['ra_save_reg'],
'ra_restore_reg': f['ra_restore_reg'],
'saves_s_regs': f['saves_s_regs'],
'calls': [f"0x{c:08x}" for c in f['calls']],
'rpc_type_refs': [(RPC_TYPES[r[1]], r[0]) for r in f['rpc_type_refs']],
'has_ret': f['has_ret'],
}
def main():
print("Reading firmware...")
data = read_binary(FWIMAGE_PATH)
print(f"Binary size: {len(data)} bytes")
print("Loading call targets...")
call_targets = load_call_targets(CALL_TARGETS_FILE)
print(f"Loaded {len(call_targets)} call targets")
sorted_targets = sorted(call_targets.items(), key=lambda x: x[1], reverse=True)
print("\nScanning top 500 call targets...")
functions = []
for addr, count in sorted_targets[:500]:
if not is_in_exec(addr): continue
offset = addr - BASE_ADDR
if offset < 0 or offset >= len(data): continue
func_info = scan_function(data, offset, max_bytes=1000, call_count=count)
functions.append(func_info)
print(f"Analyzed {len(functions)} functions")
rpc_handlers = [f for f in functions if f['rpc_type_refs']]
other_funcs = [f for f in functions if not f['rpc_type_refs']]
print(f"\nRPC handler candidates: {len(rpc_handlers)}")
print(f"Other functions: {len(other_funcs)}")
print("\n=== Top 20 RPC Handler Candidates ===")
for f in rpc_handlers[:20]:
rpc_refs = [(RPC_TYPES[r[1]], r[0]) for r in f['rpc_type_refs']]
print(f" {f['address_str']}: calls={f['call_count']}, stack={f['stack_size']}, rpc_refs={rpc_refs[:10]}")
# Save results
results = {
'total_functions_analyzed': len(functions),
'rpc_handlers': [convert_func(f) for f in rpc_handlers[:200]],
'other_functions': [convert_func(f) for f in other_funcs[:100]],
}
with open(f"{OUTPUT_DIR}/analysis_results.json", "w") as f:
json.dump(results, f, indent=2)
print(f"\nResults saved to {OUTPUT_DIR}/analysis_results.json")
# Detailed scans
print("\n=== Entry Point (0x04009000) ===")
print(json.dumps(convert_func(scan_function(data, 0x9000, max_bytes=500)), indent=2))
print("\n=== RPC_BAR_TRAP Handler (0x04cb8189) ===")
print(json.dumps(convert_func(scan_function(data, 0xcb8189, max_bytes=500)), indent=2))
print("\n=== Top 3 Functions Detail ===")
for f in functions[:3]:
print(f"\n--- {f['address_str']} (calls={f['call_count']}) ---")
print(json.dumps(convert_func(f), indent=2))
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
|
